Judaizers – Those people who corrupted Grace by insisting that Gentile believers must become “Jews” by circumcision. See Acts 15:1. They held to a mixture of Law and Grace.
Covenants – Agreements or promises that God made with certain individuals that progressively revealed more of the plan of redemption and the Everlasting Covenant (Hebrews 13:20) made between God the Father and God the Son. Each covenant with man was but a shadow of the One, Everlasting Covenant. Each covenant was actually made with Christ (Galatians 3:16-17). Therefore, they were both conditional and unconditional at the same time. Conditional in the immediate context to whom given, yet unconditional in the context of Christ.
Law – or Old Covenant, or Mosaic Covenant. The means by which God governed the physical nation of Israel from the Exodus to Calvary . It was embodied on two Tablets of Stone. It was never intended to be a means of Grace.
Grace – or New Covenant. Fulfillment of the promises to Abraham in Genesis 17:1-13, repeated to David in II Samuel 7:12-14 and Isaiah 9:6 ,7and Jeremiah 31:31-34. It caused the Old Covenant to cease (Hebrews 8). Circumcision is now required on the heart. The final revelation of the Everlasting Covenant.
Definitive Sanctification – Sanctification viewed as a decisive, final, once for all act. It is that radical breech with sin where the believer is set apart from the old man and made partaker of the Divine nature. It is a setting apart to progressive sanctification. It is realized in our union with Christ.
Progressive Sanctification – The work initiated by definitive sanctification. The life long work of being conformed to the image of Christ. The struggle between the flesh and the new nature. The cart pulled by the horse of definitive sanctification.